Transfer cases without a center differential are typically used in what type of systems?

Transfer cases without a center differential are primarily employed in part-time four-wheel-drive systems. In these systems, the driver has the option to engage or disengage four-wheel drive as needed, typically for off-road or challenging conditions. When in four-wheel drive mode, both the front and rear wheels receive power, but the absence of a center differential means that the front and rear axles are locked together, preventing any difference in wheel speed. This setup can enhance traction on slippery surfaces but is less suitable for on-road use, where wheel slip is often necessary to avoid drivetrain stress.

All-wheel-drive systems, in contrast, usually require a center differential to allow for the differences in wheel speed between the front and rear axles during cornering. Full-time four-wheel-drive systems frequently include a center differential as well to manage similar requirements. Rear-wheel-drive systems do not involve the use of a transfer case, as they typically operate only with the rear wheels. Thus, the characteristics of part-time four-wheel-drive systems align perfectly with the use of transfer cases lacking a center differential.